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suse linux操作系统安全加固

 
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suse linux操作系统安全加固(服务关闭)

Suse Linux 操作系统安装完成以后,需要安全扫描,把没有使用的端口关闭,加强操作系统的安全
一、系统默认启动服务:

shelly:/etc/init.d # nmap -P0 127.0.0.1
Starting Nmap 4.00 ( [url]http://www.insecure.org/nmap/[/url] ) at 2007-06-25 15:34 CST
Interesting ports on localhost (127.0.0.1):
(The 1666 ports scanned but not shown below are in state: closed)
PORT STATE SERVICE
22/tcpopenssh
25/tcpopensmtp
111/tcp openrpcbind
427/tcp opensvrloc
631/tcp openipp
Nmap finished: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.244 seconds
shelly:/etc/init.d #

二、临时关闭服务方法:

1、 查看服务和端口关联关系:
比如查看ipp服务的关联进程:#lsof |grep ipp

2、 确认服务和端口的关联关系:
序列 端口 服务 路径/etc/init.d 状态
1) 22 ssh sshd 保留
2) 25 smtp postfix 关闭
3) 111 rpc portmap 关闭
4) 427 svrloc slpd 关闭
5) 631 ipp cupsd 关闭

3、 手动关闭方法:
停止smtp:/etc/init.d/postfix stop
停止rpc:/etc/init.d/portmap stop
停止svrloc:/etc/init.d/slpd stop
停止ipp:/etc/init.d/cupsd stop

三、 永久关闭方法:

手动关闭以后每次系统启动,服务还会自己启动,需要从启动配置文件永久禁止:
使用chkconfig –l命令查看现在系统的自动加载服务:(只截取相关的一部分服务)
shelly:/etc/init.d # chkconfig -l |grep on
cron 0:off1:off2:on 3:on 4:off5:on 6:off
cups 0:off1:off2:on 3:on 4:off5:on 6:off
nfs 0:off1:off2:off3:on 4:off5:on 6:off
nfsboot 0:off1:off2:off3:on 4:off5:on 6:off
novell-zmd 0:off1:off2:off3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
nscd 0:off1:off2:off3:on 4:off5:on 6:off
portmap 0:off1:off2:off3:on 4:off5:on 6:off
postfix 0:off1:off2:off3:on 4:off5:on 6:off
powersaved 0:off1:off2:on 3:on 4:off5:on 6:off
random 0:off1:off2:on 3:on 4:off5:on 6:off
resmgr 0:off1:off2:on 3:on 4:off5:on 6:off
slpd 0:off1:off2:off3:on 4:off5:on 6:off
shelly:/etc/init.d #
关闭方法:
shelly:/etc/init.d # chkconfig -s cups off
shelly:/etc/init.d # chkconfig -s nfs off
shelly:/etc/init.d # chkconfig -s nfsboot off
shelly:/etc/init.d # chkconfig -s portmap off
shelly:/etc/init.d # shelly:/etc/init.d # chkconfig -s postfix off
shelly:/etc/init.d # chkconfig -s slpd off
备注:永久关闭portmap和nfs有关联,必须先关闭nfs和nfsboot进程,否则会有如下报错。
shelly:/etc/init.d # chkconfig -s portmap off
insserv: Service portmap has to be enabled for service nfs
insserv: Service portmap has to be enabled for service nfsboot
insserv: exiting now!
/sbin/insserv failed, exit code 1
支持停止顺序:
shelly:/etc/init.d # chkconfig -s nfs off
shelly:/etc/init.d # chkconfig -s nfsboot off
shelly:/etc/init.d # chkconfig -s portmap off
shelly:/etc/init.d #



四、 扫描系统:

重新启动系统,扫描系统端口
shelly:/etc/init.d # nmap -P0 127.0.0.1

Starting Nmap 4.00 ( [url]http://www.insecure.org/nmap/[/url] ) at 2007-06-25 16:16 CST
Interesting ports on localhost (127.0.0.1):
(The 1670 ports scanned but not shown below are in state: closed)
PORT STATE SERVICE
22/tcpopenssh
Nmap finished: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.213 seconds
shelly:/etc/init.d #
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